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"Human"

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Within the interconnected conceptual framework of spiritual resistance and everyday resistance, this article analyzes the personal testimonies of Antonio Pampliega, a Spanish journalist kidnapped by Al Qaeda, and Narges Mohammadi, an Iranian human rights activist and Nobel Peace Prize winner, imprisoned by the Iranian authorities. The article describes 1) what specific nonviolent practices they developed to resist conditions of dehumanization and 2) which of those practices were specifically connected with spirituality and/or religion according to their own experience. The phenomenological research method is used to describe subjective experience. The hermeneutical method complements the phenomenological approach to understand and interpret each narrative using meaning-making theory as a framework. The article concludes that in both experiences, spirituality was a fundamental dimension of their nonviolent resistance to counteract dehumanization.
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This article examines religious hate speech as a discursive technology that constructs adversaries through conceptual antinomies, enabling moral disengagement and legitimising exclusion or violence. It draws on interdisciplinary perspectives from philosophy, law, sociology, and theology and discusses significant cases—including the Northern Ireland Troubles, ISIS propaganda, Hindu extremist rhetoric against Christians, and Buddhist ultranationalism against Rohingya Muslims—demonstrating how religious identities intersect with other factors to create hostile narratives. The article explores definitional challenges, distinguishes hate speech from incitement to genocide and blasphemy laws, and examines US and European legal approaches. It reveals that hate speech produces multilayered harms affecting individuals, targeted groups, and democratic processes, with causal factors including ideological antinomies, political manipulation, and social media amplification. The study argues that combating religious hate speech requires moving beyond punitive criminal law to embrace restorative justice, interfaith solidarity, counter-speech initiatives, and educational programs. Only through multifaceted collective efforts can societies preserve democratic values and protect vulnerable populations from discrimination and marginalization.
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Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: A Holistic Approach for Successful, Human-Centered Implementation
Emmanuel Carré, Marjorie Garofalo
EPISTÉMÈ 2025;33:6.   Published online March 31, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.38119/cacs.2025.33.6

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the healthcare sector represents a major transformation that raises complex issues concerning the technical, organizational, and relational dimensions of the profession. This contribution analyzes the key success factors and obstacles to the implementation of AI in healthcare facilities, adopting a holistic perspective that emphasizes communicational and interprofessional dynamics. Through an analysis of recent literature, we identify promising approaches and necessary conditions for successful AI integration, while preserving the quality of caregiver-patient relationships and interactions among professionals. Our analysis reveals that successful implementation relies on a balanced combination of leadership, end-user training, support for teams in modifying their daily work, and ethical governance. The central role of communication in this transformation process is emphasized, both in change management and in the adaptation of professional practices. We propose recommendations that integrate these different dimensions to guide the development and implementation of AI projects in healthcare, focusing on preserving and enriching human relationships within healthcare organizations.

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The Advent of AI Civilization and Calling for a New Conception of the Human
Mun Cho Kim
EPISTÉMÈ 2025;33:5.   Published online March 31, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.38119/cacs.2025.33.5

This study explores the advent of AI civilization and the need to redefine humanity in the face of rapid technological advancement. Tracing the evolution of digital technology from simple automation to intelligent agents capable of independent decision-making, it turns out that the rise of AI and humanoid robots blurs the line between humans and non-humans, challenging the long-standing human-nonhuman dichotomy rooted in Western philosophy. Based upon the examination of the shifts in ontology, from Cartesian dualism to monistic and relational perspectives, this study suggests that humans, living beings, and objects are evolving in a connected, co-dependent system. The emergence of cyborgs, AI, and bioengineering raises critical question about the identity of the humanity. With AI and enhanced humans gaining agency, traditional definition of humanity become obsolete and demand for an extended concept of the human in the post-AI era is growing.

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