The term modern Turkish poetry is a general term given to the understanding of poetry that developed in Turkey, starting with the four (Kaside) odes that Şinasi wrote after returning from Paris to describe Reşit Pasha who is Grand Vizier (1850-55) and his reforms, and until the declaration of the Republic of Modern Turkiye in 1923. The poetry of this period is also called new Turkish poetry, Turkish poetry of the modernization period, modern Turkish poetry, poetry developed under Western influence, etc. Many researchers have been suggested under different names about this period. But today, Turkish literature historians call this period Modern Turkish literature. There are 6 basic groups, communities and movements in modern Turkish poetry. These communities or movements have developed under the influence of different aesthetic understandings. The basic philosophical and aesthetic understandings that developed in Europe since the beginning of the European Enlightement Era have also influenced modern Turkish poetry. While the Namık Kemal-Ziya Pasha-Shinasi school followed the rationalist aesthetic approach, the second generation of Tanzimat adopted Immanuel Kant’s aesthetic authonomy. While the commities of Servet-i Fünun’s representatives adopted young Hegelian aesthetics, which developed in Germany in the second half of the 19th centry, Fecr-i Ati adıpted the Nietzschean phonecentric aesthetics. In this respect, the philosophical and aesthetic tendencies that develop in Europe, especially in the nineteenth centry, also guided modern Turkish poetry. In this article, the basic trends in Turkish poetry that developed between 1850 and 1923 will be analyzed in a descriptive way, taking into account aesthetic and philosopic tendencies.
